Signal Oil and Gas, the cooling process
james van blaricum - Cryogenic processes
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| Categories: Announcements [A] JAMES VAN BLARICUM
Cryogenic processes are also used to extract NGLs from natural gas. While absorption methods can extract almost all of the heavier NGLs, the lighter hydrocarbons, such as ethane, are often more difficult to recover from the natural gas stream. In certain instances, it is economic to simply leave the lighter NGLs in the natural gas stream. However, if it is economic to extract ethane and other lighter hydrocarbons, cryogenic processes are required for high recovery rates. Essentially, cryogenic processes consist of dropping the temperature of the gas stream to around -120 degrees Fahrenheit.( signal oil & gas company )
Coiled tubing - Used to carry production equipment to bottom of well.
signal oil & gas company
Pentane - One of lighter hydrocarbons, such as propane and butane, and mixtures of these gases are liquefied and employed as fuels. james van blaricum
Reserves: Possible - Reserves at present cannot be regarded as “probable".( james van blaricum )
An example of absorption dehydration is known as Glycol Dehydration. In this process, a liquid desiccant dehydrator serves to absorb water vapor from the gas stream. Glycol, the principal agent in this process, has a chemical affinity for water. This means that, when in contact with a stream of natural gas that contains water, glycol will serve to ’steal’ the water out of the gas stream. Essentially, glycol dehydration involves using a glycol solution, usually either diethylene glycol (DEG) or triethylene glycol (TEG), which is brought into contact with the wet gas stream in what is called the ‘contactor’. The glycol solution will absorb water from the wet gas. Once absorbed, the glycol particles become heavier and sink to the bottom of the contactor where they are removed. The natural gas, having been stripped of most of its water content, is then transported out of the dehydrator. The glycol solution, bearing all of the water stripped from the natural gas, is put through a specialized boiler designed to vaporize only the water out of the solution. While water has a boiling point of 212 degrees Fahrenheit, glycol does not boil until 400 degrees Fahrenheit. This boiling point differential makes it relatively easy to remove water from the glycol solution, allowing it be reused in the dehydration process.
james van blaricum
Blow-down - Condensate and gas produced simultaneously from outset of production. james e van blaricum
In addition to inspection with pigs, there are a number of safety precautions and procedures in place to minimize the risk of accidents. In fact, the transportation of natural gas is one of the safest ways of transporting energy, mostly due to the fact that the infrastructure is fixed, and buried underground. According to the Department of Transportation (DOT), pipelines are the safest method of transporting petroleum and natural gas. While there are in excess of 100 deaths per year associated with electric transmission lines, according to the DOT’s Office of Pipeline Safety in 2001, there were 2 deaths associated with transmission pipelines, and 5 deaths associated with distribution systems.( james e van blaricum )
Effective damage removal and matrix stimulation reduce payback periods and lead to increases in the net present value (NPV) of the well.
james e van blaricum
Debutanizer - this step boils off the butanes, leaving the pentanes and heavier hydrocarbons in the NGL stream. signal oil and gas company
We count on our cars to get us where we want to go, when we want to go. That sense of freedom is important to us, but we also want to be sure we do our best to conserve natural resources for future generations.( signal oil and gas company )
Of course, the result of increasing natural gas prices has been increased residential heating bills, increased fuel costs to electric generators using natural gas, and decreasedcompetitiveness of U.S. industries that rely on natural gas.Given the effect of higher natural gas prices on consumers’budgets and on firms’ competitiveness, consumers, businesspeople, and policymakers are asking what has led to theincrease in North American natural gas prices.
signal oil and gas company
The U.S. has taken some steps to prevent another big oil crisis. For one thing, the U.S. has almost a three-month supply of oil tucked away in the Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR). Established in 1975, the SPR is only to be tapped during an energy emergency. The SPR was first used in January 1991, during the Persian Gulf Crisis. signal oil & gas company
Although acetic acid reacts more slowly than HCl, the reaction is still sufficiently rapid to give the problems summarized in section 2. In contrast, generation of acetic acid in-situ using Arcasolve™ allows acid to be delivered much deeper into the formation and better placement of acid along extended well-bores. Arcasolve is therefore more effective, and offers a much higher degree of control of acidizing than acid formulations based on acetic acid or other organic acids.( signal oil & gas company )
The natural gas used by consumers is composed almost entirely of methane. However, natural gas found at the wellhead, although still composed primarily of methane, is by no means as pure. Raw natural gas comes from three types of wells: oil wells, gas wells, and condensate wells. Natural gas that comes from oil wells is typically termed ‘associated gas’. This gas can exist separate from oil in the formation (free gas), or dissolved in the crude oil (dissolved gas). Natural gas from gas and condensate wells, in which there is little or no crude oil, is termed ‘nonassociated gas’. Gas wells typically produce raw natural gas by itself, while condensate wells produce free natural gas along with a semi-liquid hydrocarbon condensate. Whatever the source of the natural gas, once separated from crude oil (if present) it commonly exists in mixtures with other hydrocarbons; principally ethane, propane, butane, and pentanes. In addition, raw natural gas contains water vapor, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbon dioxide, helium, nitrogen, and other compounds.
james e van blaricum
There are two principle techniques for removing NGLs from the natural gas stream: the absorption method and the cryogenic expander process. According to the Gas Processors Association, these two processes account for around 90 percent of total natural gas liquids production. james van blaricum
Gelled acids are used to retard acid reaction rate in treatments such as acid fracturing. Retardation results from the increased fluid viscosity reducing the rate of acid transfer to the fracture wall. Use of the gelling agents (normally water soluble polymers) is limited to lower temperature formations as most gelling agents degrade rapidly in acid solution at temperatures above 130°F (55°C) .( james e van blaricum )
Gravity Structures - Either concrete or hybrid (concrete base and steel legs and superstructure) structures that due to weight rest on seabed or piled into it.
signal oil & gas company
Pleistocene - Division of Quaternary period, also known as Ice Age. signal oil & gas company
Development - Phase on which a proven oil or gas field is brought into production by drilling production (development) wells.( signal oil and gas company )
Plugging - Process whereby a well that is no longer needed is filled with concrete and abandoned. (see PA).
james van blaricum
Most of the data that is received by a control station is provided by Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems. These systems are essentially sophisticated communications systems that take measurements and collect data along the pipeline (usually in a metering or compressor stations and valves) and transmit them to the centralized control station. Flow rate through the pipeline, operational status, pressure, and temperature readings may all be used to assess the status of the pipeline at any one time. These systems also work in real-time, meaning that there is little lag time between the measurements taken along the pipeline and their transmission to the control station. james e van blaricum
Produced Water - Brines naturally present or injected into reservoir to enhance production. Produced along side oil production.( james van blaricum )
Gas Treatment - Removal of impurities, condensate, hydrogen sulphide and NGLs from natural gas.
signal oil and gas company
Gas Act 1995 - Enabled final liberalisation of gas market by creating licensing framework for new entrants into domestic UK market. signal oil and gas company
Kick - Back pressure in well from invading oil / gas / water.( signal oil & gas company )
The actual process used to separate oil from natural gas, as well as the equipment that is used, can vary widely. Although dry pipeline quality natural gas is virtually identical across different geographic areas, raw natural gas from different regions may have different compositions and separation requirements. In many instances, natural gas is dissolved in oil underground primarily due to the pressure that the formation is under. When this natural gas and oil is produced, it is possible that it will separate on its own, simply due to decreased pressure; much like opening a can of soda pop allows the release of dissolved carbon dioxide. In these cases, separation of oil and gas is relatively easy, and the two hydrocarbons are sent separate ways for further processing. The most basic type of separator is known as a conventional separator. It consists of a simple closed tank, where the force of gravity serves to separate the heavier liquids like oil, and the lighter gases, like natural gas.
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Bottom-hole assembly - Components, together as a group, that make up lower end of drill-string (drill bit, drill collars, drill pipe and ancillary equipment). james van blaricum
There are basically two uses for natural gas in storage facilities: meeting base load requirements, and meeting peak load requirements. As mentioned, natural gas storage is required for two reasons: meeting seasonal demand requirements, and as insurance against unforeseen supply disruptions. Base load storage capacity is used to meet seasonal demand increases. Base load facilities are capable of holding enough natural gas to satisfy long term seasonal demand requirements. Typically, the turn-over rate for natural gas in these facilities is a year; natural gas is generally injected during the summer (non-heating season), which usually runs from April through October, and withdrawn during the winter (heating season), usually from November to March. These reservoirs are larger, but their delivery rates are relatively low, meaning the natural gas that can be extracted each day is limited. Instead, these facilities provide a prolonged, steady supply of natural gas. Depleted gas reservoirs are the most common type of base load storage facility.( james e van blaricum )
As demand for kerosene grew, a group of businessmen hired Edwin Drake to drill for oil in Titusville, Pennsylvania. After much hard work and slow progress, he discovered oil in 1859. Drake’s well was 69.5 feet deep, very shallow compared to today’s wells.
james e van blaricum
Reservoir engineering model - Used to predict reservoir behaviour during production to enable selection of most efficient method of recovery. signal oil & gas company
Emulsified HCl involves the use of both organic solvents and HCl. Both are hazardous before and after mixing . The emulsion may not give a good distribution of acid downhole.( signal oil and gas company )
In addition to mud damage removal, if sufficient Arcasolve™ fluid is used to fill the wellbore and penetrate some distance into the formation an increase in the permeability of the formation can be achieved. The matrix stimulation of the formation can stimulate production above that which would be obtained even with complete damage removal.
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Risk Management - System that eliminates or mitigates threat from hazards. signal oil and gas company
Lifting equipment consists of a variety of specialized equipment used to help ‘lift’ petroleum out of a formation. This is most commonly used to extract oil from a formation. Because oil is found as a viscous liquid, it takes some coaxing to extract it from underground. Various types of lifting equipment are available, but the most common lifting method is known as ‘rod pumping’. Rod pumping is powered by a surface pump that moves a cable and rod up and down in the well, providing the lifting pressure required to bring the oil to the surface. The most common type of cable rod lifting equipment is the ‘horse head’ or conventional beam pump. These pumps are recognizable by the distinctive shape of the cable feeding fixture, which resembles a horse’s head.( james van blaricum )
This segment comprises the nation’s 165,000 miles of pipelines that move crude oil from wells on land and platforms in the oceans to refineries, and then to terminals where fuels are released to retail outlets.
james van blaricum
Condensate - Liquid mixture of pentane and higher hydrocarbons. james e van blaricum
Oil Taxation Act - Came into force in 1975, introducing PRT( signal oil and gas company )
The report analyzes natural gas demand, supply, and transmission in the United States, Canada, and Mexico. The demand analysis provides an understanding of the economic and environmental determinants of natural gas consumption to estimate how the various sectors respond to different gas price regimes. The supply analysis develops a basin-by-basin supply picture, and examines potential new sources of supply such as liquefied natural gas and Arctic gas. The transmission portion of the report provides an extensive review of existing and planned infrastructure in North America emphasizing, among other things, the need to maintain the current infrastructure and to ensure its reliability.
james van blaricum
Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) - Acts as a precursor in formation of sulphate aerosols which, unlike greenhouse gases, have a net negative radiative forcing effect and tend to cool Earth’s surface. signal oil and gas company
Effective damage removal and matrix stimulation reduce payback periods and lead to increases in the net present value (NPV) of the well.( signal oil & gas company )
All conventional acids including HCl, and organic acids react very rapidly on contact with acid sensitive material in the wellbore or formation. Wormholing is a common phenomenon. The rapid reaction means the acid does not penetrate very far into the formation before it is spent. Conventional acid systems are therefore of limited effectiveness in treatments where deep acid penetration is needed. Problems in placing acid are compounded in long horizontal or directional wells. In these wells it is difficult to achieve truly uniform placement of acid along the well-bore, which may be several thousand metres long, let alone achieve uniform stimulation of the surrounding formation.
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Natural gas, as it is used by consumers, is much different from the natural gas that is brought from underground up to the wellhead. Although the processing of natural gas is in many respects less complicated than the processing and refining of crude oil, it is equally as necessary before its use by end users. james e van blaricum
There are essentially three major types of pipelines along the transportation route: the gathering system, the interstate pipeline, and the distribution system. The gathering system consists of low pressure, low diameter pipelines that transport raw natural gas from the wellhead to the processing plant. Should natural gas from a particular well have high sulfur and carbon dioxide contents (sour gas), a specialized sour gas gathering pipe must be installed. Sour gas is extremely corrosive and dangerous, thus its transportation from the wellhead to the sweetening plant must be done carefully.( james van blaricum )
Ethanol, which is often blended in gasoline, contains less energy per gallon than gasoline. However, a 10-percent or less ethanol blend would have only a slight impact on fuel efficiency. According to U.S. Department of Energy and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency fuel economy guidelines, E-85 (85 percent ethanol/15 percent gasoline blend) may reduce fuel efficiency by 26 percent.
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Gas Treatment - Removal of impurities, condensate, hydrogen sulphide and NGLs from natural gas. james van blaricum
Acids are used to break acid sensitive gels used in propped fracture applications. The use of acid breakers in open hole horizontal well compilations has recently been demonstrated [3].( james e van blaricum )
Aromatics - Class of hydrocarbons that have at least one benzene ring as part of their structure. Generally describes benzene and benzene derivatives.
james e van blaricum
The effective length of an acidized fracture is limited by the distance that acid travels along the fracture before it is spent. This is controlled by the acid fluid loss, the reaction rate and the fracture flow rate [13]. This problem is particularly severe when the acid reaction rate is high owing to high formation temperature. signal oil & gas company
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| Categories: Announcements [A] JAMES E. VAN BLARICUM
Peak load storage facilities, on the other hand, are designed to have high-deliverability for short periods of time, meaning natural gas can be withdrawn from storage quickly should the need arise. Peak load facilities are intended to meet sudden, short-term demand increases. These facilities cannot hold as much natural gas as base load facilities; however, they can deliver smaller amounts of gas more quickly, and can also be replenished in a shorter amount of time than base load facilities. While base load facilities have long term injection and withdrawal seasons, turning over the natural gas in the facility about once per year, peak load facilities can have turn over rates as short as a few days or weeks. Salt caverns are the most common type of peak load storage facility, although aquifers may be used to meet these demands as well.
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Salt cavern leaching is used to create caverns in both types of salt deposits, and can be quite expensive. However, once created, a salt cavern offers an underground natural gas storage vessel with very high deliverability. In addition, cushion gas requirements are the lowest of all three storage types, with salt caverns only requiring about 33 percent of total gas capacity to be used as cushion gas.
To safeguard the environment, oil drilling and oil production are regulated by state and federal governments. Oil companies must get permission to explore for oil on new lands. Many experts believe that 85 percent of our remaining oil reserves are on land owned by the federal government. Oil companies lease the land from the federal government, which, in return, receives rental payments for the land as well as percentage payments from each barrel of oil.
‘Working gas’ is the volume of natural gas in the storage reservoir that can be extracted during the normal operation of the storage facility. This is the natural gas that is being stored and withdrawn; the capacity of storage facilities normally refers to their working gas capacity. At the beginning of a withdrawal cycle, the pressure inside the storage facility is at its highest; meaning working gas can be withdrawn at a high rate. As the volume of gas inside the storage facility drops, pressure (and thus deliverability) in the storage facility also decreases. Periodically, underground storage facility operators may reclassify portions of working gas as base gas after evaluating the operation of their facilities.(signal oil and gas company)
Gel breaking is another application for Arcasolve™ for which additional patents are granted or pending. Arcasolve™ can be incorporated into acid sensitive gel systems such as borate cross linked guar so as to produce a complete break within a specific, desired time frame.
james e van blaricum
In order to ensure the efficient and safe operation of the extensive network of natural gas pipelines, pipeline companies routinely inspect their pipelines for corrosion and defects. This is done through the use of sophisticated pieces of equipment known as pigs. Pigs are intelligent robotic devices that are propelled down pipelines to evaluate the interior of the pipe. Pigs can test pipe thickness, and roundness, check for signs of corrosion, detect minute leaks, and any other defect along the interior of the pipeline that may either impede the flow of gas, or pose a potential safety risk for the operation of the pipeline. Sending a pig down a pipeline is fittingly known as ‘pigging’ the pipeline.
Americans know this dependence can be dangerous. We were first alerted to the danger in 1973 when some Arab countries stopped shipping oil (called an embargo) to the United States. These countries belonged to an international trade group called the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries or OPEC for short.
Underground salt formations offer another option for natural gas storage. These formations are well suited to natural gas storage in that salt caverns, once formed, allow little injected natural gas to escape from the formation unless specifically extracted. The walls of a salt cavern also have the structural strength of steel, which makes it very resilient against reservoir degradation over the life of the storage facility.(signal oil & gas company)
Oil’s first stop outside the well is an oil refinery. A refinery is a plant where crude oil is processed. Sometimes refineries are located near oil wells, but usually the crude oil has to be delivered to the refinery by ship, barge, pipeline, or train.
james e van blaricum
Since World War II, petroleum has replaced coal as the United States’ leading source of energy. Petroleum supplies more than 39 percent of the energy used in the United States. (Coal supplies 22 percent of our energy needs, and natural gas supplies 23 percent.)
There are basically two uses for natural gas in storage facilities: meeting base load requirements, and meeting peak load requirements. As mentioned, natural gas storage is required for two reasons: meeting seasonal demand requirements, and as insurance against unforeseen supply disruptions. Base load storage capacity is used to meet seasonal demand increases. Base load facilities are capable of holding enough natural gas to satisfy long term seasonal demand requirements. Typically, the turn-over rate for natural gas in these facilities is a year; natural gas is generally injected during the summer (non-heating season), which usually runs from April through October, and withdrawn during the winter (heating season), usually from November to March. These reservoirs are larger, but their delivery rates are relatively low, meaning the natural gas that can be extracted each day is limited. Instead, these facilities provide a prolonged, steady supply of natural gas. Depleted gas reservoirs are the most common type of base load storage facility.
Conventional acidizing processes may remove damage up to several inches into the formation but are generally not effective for treatment of deeper damage. Success in treatment of deep formation damage requires the use of highly retarded acids. Arcasolve™ functions as a highly retarded acid suitable for removal of deep damage.(signal oil & gas company)
Arcasolve™ may be used to effectively stimulate natural fracture networks. Deep penetration along fractures can be achieved before acid is produced. Laboratory evaluation to date has been positive. Field trials are currently being conducted in the Austin Chalk.
james van blaricum
Of course, the result of increasing natural gas prices has been increased residential heating bills, increased fuel costs to electric generators using natural gas, and decreasedcompetitiveness of U.S. industries that rely on natural gas.Given the effect of higher natural gas prices on consumers’budgets and on firms’ competitiveness, consumers, businesspeople, and policymakers are asking what has led to theincrease in North American natural gas prices.
Still, there are more steps we can take to help ensure our energy security. Depending on whom you talk to–whether an oil company representative or an environmentalist–opinions vary on the one or more steps we should take. Some experts believe we should decrease our demand for oil through increased conservation. Others say we should increase oil production and exploration in the United States, particularly in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) in northern Alaska. Still others say we should use alternative fuels, especially for transportation. Some experts believe will need to do all three to dodge another big oil crisis.
The first instance of natural gas successfully being stored underground occurred in Weland County, Ontario, Canada, in 1915. This storage facility used a depleted natural gas well that had been reconditioned into a storage field. In the United States, the first storage facility was developed just south of Buffalo, New York. By 1930, there were nine storage facilities in six different states. Prior to 1950, virtually all natural gas storage facilities were in depleted reservoirs.(signal oil and gas company)
Petroleum products–gasoline for cars, fertilizers, etc.–have brought untold benefits to Americans and the rest of the world’s people. We depend on these products, and, as consumers, we demand them.
signal oil and gas
Natural gas is an attractive fuel because it is clean-burning and efficient. The importance of natural gas as an energy source for the United States has grown since the mid-1990. For the last five to seven years, the price of natural gas has been trending upward in response to the interaction of supply and increased demand. In a project commissioned by API, Lexecon. a unit of business consultancy FTI, has put together a primer called “Understanding Natural Gas Markets” that explains this interaction of market forces.
Gel breaking is another application for Arcasolve™ for which additional patents are granted or pending. Arcasolve™ can be incorporated into acid sensitive gel systems such as borate cross linked guar so as to produce a complete break within a specific, desired time frame.
The first instance of natural gas successfully being stored underground occurred in Weland County, Ontario, Canada, in 1915. This storage facility used a depleted natural gas well that had been reconditioned into a storage field. In the United States, the first storage facility was developed just south of Buffalo, New York. By 1930, there were nine storage facilities in six different states. Prior to 1950, virtually all natural gas storage facilities were in depleted reservoirs.(signal oil and gas company)
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Signal Oil and Gas, the cooling process
| Categories: Announcements [A] Signal Oil and Gas - Why do we need oil?
James van Blaricum, we put oil in our engines to serve several purposes. First, obviously, oil acts as a lubricant. If your engine is operating correctly, there is almost no metal to metal contact - everything is riding on a thin film of oil. Jim van Blaricum, however, oil has several other important jobs to do. Signal Oil and Gas circulates throughout your engine, and cools parts that cannot get near a water jacket. For example, it’s becoming common in sport bikes to spray oil on the underside of the piston to cool it. There are no water jackets at all in your transmission. Motorcycle transmissions are oil cooled.
James van Blaricum Your engine will not explode if you use Spiffo-Magic Superlube for 4,000 miles. Your engine will not explode if you never use synthetic oils. However, any of these choices puts additional strain on your engine. You buy $65 tires for your car that last 45,000 miles, and $100 tires for your bike that last 8,000 miles. Why on earth would you try to save $5 on each oil change to buy an oil that can’t hold up in a motorcycle engine? My DL650 runs its oil through the transmission, Jim van Blaricum I run off-road (extreme environment due to silicon blow-by at the piston rings), I’m pretty much always revving my engine at 5500 rpm or more (red line on the Corvette, the one that comes with Mobil-1 as factory fill). I stress my little engine enough without making it use dinner candles as lubricants. Nor do I wish to make the bearings run in 10w-40 oil that’s broken down to 10w-15 oil.
James van Blaricum Some people should, in my opinion, clearly use a synthetic oil. You should be using a synthetic if:
- you routinely start your engine in temperatures under 40°f, 5°c.
- you live somewhere where it gets below -35 degrees, and you want to start your car. In this case you must use either Mobil-1 0w-30 or the Canadian 0w-40 Rotella. If you’re riding your bike in -40 degrees, I want a picture just before you die.
- you leave your vehicle sit unused for months at a time.
- you are unable or unwilling to change your oil within 2000 miles.
- you have one of these new 4-stroke MX bikes. These MX bikes hold only about one quart of oil, all of them have marginal cooling systems, and if there’s a more severe use of an engine than MX, I don’t want to be physically present when it happens.
Jim van Blaricum, your piston rings do not do a perfect job of sealing. Some combustion by products will slip past the rings into the engine. This can be little particles of carbon. Remember, diamond is carbon that was combined under heat and pressure. James van Blaricum, these little carbon particles can be quite damaging to your engine. Another job of your oil is to hold these particles in suspension until the oil filter can grab them. Jim van Blaricum, also, if your gasoline has sulpher in it (it does), this sulpher can react with water and oxygen to make sulphuric acid. This is some stuff that is seriously bad for your engine. James van Blaricum, your oil has special ingredients in it called buffers to neutralize acids. Finally, your engine can get internal build ups of tars, waxes, and other gunk. Jim van Blaricum, your oil has solvents to try to dissolve this stuff and get and keep your engine clean.
James van Blaricum The additive package is made to make the finished oil product meet one of the certifications. There are two classes of certification: S, for Service, and C, for commercial. The certification standards are maintained by the API, the American Petroleum Institute. Over the years, the API has improved and changed these standards. The most current S standards are SL and SM. These standards differ from earlier standards like SH by lowering phosphorus to improve catalytic converter life, and increasing molybdenum to lower internal engine friction and improve gas mileage. James van Blaricum Phosphorus was originally added to oils to help protect high pressure areas like cam lobes and crankshaft bearings, so lowering phosphorus levels is a compromise of lower pollution, perhaps at the expense of engine life. Jim van Blaricum Molybdenum is added to improve fuel economy due to the federal CAFE (Corporate Average Fuel Economy) standards, thereby helping GM and Ford keep selling large V8s to the American public, but can perhaps cause problems in engines with wet clutches. Signal Oil Most S additive packages are also designed to be inexpensive so that the resulting oil can be sold at a low price. SL and SM oils are both low phosphorus; SM oils which are labeled “energy conserving” are high molybdenum.
Signal Oil and Gas Where Oil Comes From
Most of the bio-mass on earth is single cell plants and microscopic critters in the ocean. When these die, they sink to the bottom. James van Blaricum, often they fall into a deep crevasse or trench, where they may become covered up by an underwater landslide. Jim van Blaricum, after a couple hundred million years of high pressure and no air, the critters get squished into oil. So, oil isn’t really “dead dinosaurs,” but Signal Oil and Gas Oil stations just wouldn’t be the same with a picture of algie on their sign. Today we like to find this stuff, pump it to the surface, and burn it.
The Signal Oil and Gas we pump to the surface is a mixture of gasoline, kerosene, light weight lubricating oil, motor oil, gear oil, tars, paraffins, waxes, asphalt, sand, dirt, organic stuff (called aromatics) and the occasional dead cockroach. We call this stuff crude oil, for reasons that I think are now self-explanitory. James van Blaricum, the oil companies have the singularly smelly job of separating the crude oil into its component parts. A hundred years ago we would just heat the stuff up in a complicated still, and catch stuff that boiled off at different temperatures. Jim van Blaricum, fifty years ago we started processing the crude oil with clay and solvents to do a more precise job. Today, Signal Oil and Gas use very complicated systems where we heat the crude oil to precise temperatures, put it under high pressure, and bubble hydrogen and other stuff through it. James van Blaricum, the idea of all this is to try to get pure chemicals out of this stuff that we just found laying around in the desert.
Three synthetics stand out from the rest: Mobil Delvac 1, Mobil-1 SUV and Shell Rotella T Synthetic. These are C certified industrial oils meant to be purchased in 55 gallon drums and used by companies which run a lot of diesel engines. The Commercial oils, as discussed above, have more expensive additive packages which are meant to prolong engine life and oil life, as opposed to being cheap to buy at Pep Boys and helping the car companies meet their CAFE requirements. These oils meet all the automobile requirements through SJ, and also have extra additives to help pick up gunk in the engine, to keep the oil from becoming acidic, and to maintain the oil’s viscosity over a long time. In fact, the manufacturers talk about their oil’s viscosity resistance to shear forces - exactly what a motorcycle needs. Shell Rotella-T Synthetic is available at Wal-Mart for $13 / gallon, so I consider this the motor oil of choice. Delvac-1 is very hard to get in the west - there are only two places in all of California where you can buy it. Mobil-1 SUV is readily available everywhere for about $4.50 / quart. When used with the correct filters, these oils are certified for 50,000 mile oil change intervals, and are frequently used for 100,000 to 150,000 miles in diesel long-haul trucks. Now, before you get all excited about the possibilities, you must also keep in mind that the diesel engines don’t run their oil through their transmission, and the large diesels all have two oil filters, one a normal paper filter, and the other a 1 or 2 micron filter that catches pretty much everything. We don’t have these secondary ultra-fine oil filters on our bikes. Also, the large diesel engines hold eleven gallons of oil - a oil and filter change costs these guys $350 if they use synthetics, $150 if they don’t.
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